JCPOA is an international deal that endorsed by the UN Security Council, there
are some speculations about the possibility of US withdrawal from this accord.
Now, the question is: what kind of potential withdrawal will the United States
bring forward with regard to the polarization of the international system? The
answer to this question can be different from the continuation of the monopolar
system to the stabilization of the multipolar system.
Almost all international experts acknowledge the duplicity nature of the
international system during the Cold War era. With the collapse of the Soviet
Union, the idea was formed that America was the only superpower of the world and
the international system has a monopoly nature. This idea was undermined at
least economically in the late 1990s, with economic growth in countries such as
Japan and Germany. But the United States’ unilateral US invasion of Iraq in
2003, which did not have the UN Security Council approval, also made the views
of the stronger unipolar supporters of the international system.
But with some incidents in recent years and the US's inability to influence
them, they re-talked about a multi-polar or even multi-polar system. The crisis
in Ukraine, which virtually transformed the United States into a spectator, is
one of the most important examples that the opposition of the unipolar system
emphasizes. Also, the US's failure to advance goals in the wars in Afghanistan
and Iraq, as well as the crises of the Arab countries, and in particular Syria,
is another case in which some experts point to the end of the unipolar system in
the world.
But opponents of this view argue that America's military powers, economic and
cultural power with other countries are still a reason for the unipolarity of
the international system. With these interpretations, it seems that one of the
issues that can largely highlight. This light debate and clarify the truth is
the future of the international community's response to the possible withdrawal
of the United States from this agreement.
The deal is a multilateral agreement that has ended Iran's nuclear dispute for
more than 12 years. Initial talks on the conflict began between Iran and the
European Troika in 2003, with the addition of China, Russia and the United
States in 2015. The negotiation process in these 12 years was very difficult and
difficult, so at a lesser time it seemed that a positive outcome was to be
obtained. However, with the arrival of Hassan Rouhani in Iran and Obama's goal
to end the conflict, a deal was reached in the form of a win-win deal. The most
important reason for the United States to accept this agreement was to ensure
complete non-fulfillment of Iran's nuclear weapons, since, given the political
and technical implications of the agreement, it was prevented from any Iranian
access to nuclear weapons. That is the very reason that shaped such a conflict.
But now, Donald Trump, in spite of this matter and the IAEA's reports of Iran's
compliance with its commitments, intends to withdraw from this agreement. This
event can further illustrate the structure of the international system.
Accordingly, if the United States withdraws from this agreement, the
international community, and in particular the European Union, has sought or
unwillingly to follow this country and revise the relations with Iran in
different areas, then it should be said that the international system is a
monopolar nature. Defenders of this view can claim that, even now that it is
running, many large European banks and financial and economic companies are not
willing to bargain with Iran because of fears of punishment, which reflects the
power of the United States and its superpower position in International system.
But, the withdrawal of the United States, the international community, and
especially the European Union, remains committed to expanding the relations with
Iran, and then the unipolar system has joined the current cemetery in the
current period. To accept this view, certainly, the US action should not be a
barrier to Iran's prosperity. That is, all non-US corporate and private banks
and non-US banks should be able to negotiate freely and without fear of US
sanctions. In this case, it can be verified that the international system has a
multipolar nature, and the unilateral action of a country, if not the most
powerful, cannot be decisive.
From this point of view, it should be said that the probable departure of the
United States will create a historic opportunity for the European Union to
determine the position in the international system. The EU now wants to
continue, because they believe that the main goal was Iran's lack of access to
nuclear weapons with this agreement. On the other hand, it has helped Iran play
a more positive and active role in the security talks in the region. Also, the
normalization of relations with Iran is economically a great opportunity for the
European Union, and now the expansion of relations with Iran in various
dimensions has been achieved in the wake of the achievement. So it is not
logical for the European Union to break such an agreement. Hence, it should be
said that probably until October, when the re-approval by the President of the
United States comes to an end, Europe's position in the international system
will be somewhat determined.
On the other hand, the structure of the international system will definitely
affect the interests of Iran. In the multipolar system, Iran has the potential
to maneuver more in the field of actors and in different areas. But in a
monopolar system whose superpower is also opposed to Iran, the possibility of
acting for our country is limited. From this perspective, the decision-making
and selection of strategies and policies for acting like Iran will largely
relate to the structure of the international system.
Jalil Bayat
Source:This article first published at Persian Website - www.cmess.ir/Page/View/2017-09-16/2227/