Implants are man-made and are used to replace physical organs of the body. Their
outer surface, which is in contact with living tissue, is made by biological
materials or materials resistant to the ionic environment of the body.
There are 45 different types of bio-implants. Various types of bio-implants,
such as cardiovascular are used to repair diseases and injuries to various
systems of the body, including the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, skin, eyes,
brain, nerves and joints.
The epithelium type of bio-implant is used in skin transplants, burns, wounds,
and surgeries of eye, ear, throat and nose.
Metal implants used to treat bone fractures are commonly known as platinum.
However, today they are made of stainless steel which is a combination of iron,
chromium and nickel. Platinum as a very precious metal is not used in these
implants.
Epithelium bio-implants are used in the treatment of burns, repair of diabetic
wounds, repair of skin lesions after extraction of tumors, gum repair, plastic
surgeries, bed sore, repair of skin lesions with ionizing radiations like
lasers, breast cancer surgeries, repair of corneal ulcers, and chemical
injuries.
With the production of ocular bio-implants, a major step would be taken in the
treatment of diseases, eye injuries, and the treatment of chronic ocular
complications resulting from injuries.
The use of ocular bio-implants does not require anesthesia in eye surgery. Also,
there is no need to stitch the eye. The absence of adverse effects of eye
surgery, the absence of local bleeding, and reduction of the duration of eye
treatment are among the other advantages of using these implants.
However, any implant in the body is considered an external object and can
stimulate the body’s defense system. For this reason, the surface of these
implants are made of materials that are not affected by the ionic environment of
the body.
Some implants may be defective due to low quality and poor quality, but today,
thanks to the advanced technologies in making bio-implants compatible with the
body, the complications and problems of using them have been minimized.
Source: IFP